Cisco Cyber Security Practice Exam

What is a key countermeasure to manage software vulnerabilities in network operating systems?

1. Regularly change user access credentials

2. Implement policy to patch and update operating systems

3. Install antivirus software only

4. Disable all network access

The correct answer is: Implement policy to patch and update operating systems

Implementing a policy to patch and update operating systems is essential for managing software vulnerabilities in network operating systems. This approach is effective because vulnerabilities are often discovered in software after its release, and vendors routinely issue patches to address these security gaps. By establishing a procedure for regularly applying these patches, organizations can significantly reduce their exposure to security threats and potential exploits that could compromise their network. Regular patching ensures that all known vulnerabilities are mitigated, making it much harder for attackers to exploit outdated or vulnerable software. It's an active defense strategy that maintains the integrity and security of the operating systems, helping maintain compliance with security standards and regulations. Although regularly changing user access credentials can enhance security and protect against unauthorized access, it does not specifically target software vulnerabilities. Similarly, while antivirus software is important for threat detection and remediation, it primarily focuses on malware and may not address underlying vulnerabilities in the operating system itself. Finally, disabling all network access is an extreme measure that can disrupt business operations and is not feasible in a functional network environment. Thus, the practice of regularly patching and updating operating systems stands out as the most proactive and effective countermeasure.